Indicators for Land Disturbance Evaluation: on the Total Material Requirement
نویسندگان
چکیده
天然資源の採掘活動は、複雑なサプライチェーンを通じて大規模な「土地の改変」を伴うことが多い。天然資源は岩石圏から抽出され、技術圏へと流れ、最終的に生態圏へと拡散する。鉱業を始めとする天然資源の採掘活動は、すなわち自然資本のストックである岩石圏への関与とみなすことができる。したがって、天然資源の採掘活動の規模を測定することで、土地改変の度合いを定量的に評価することができる。本稿では、「土地の改変量」を資源の採掘活動を定量化する方法と捉え、隠れたフローを重量という単位で評価する「関与物質総量」に注目した。まず関与物質総量と他の類似指標との差異をレビューし、関与物質総量の特徴について説明した。次に、トップダウンアプローチとボトムアップアプローチの両側面からの研究例を紹介し、特にボトムアップアプローチ について、素材だけで無く製品のライフサイクルを通じた評価例をあげた。最後に、これらの研究を通じて得られた概念である「資源パラドックス問題」について紹介を行った。
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Japan
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1880-2761', '1881-0519']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3370/lca.18.205